Effective Googling - Search google effectively

In my earlier post, I had listed some ways to search entities using google search. In this post, I enlist below some ways in which you could search using Google, in an effective way;

1. Need Exact Phrase? Use quotation marks!
eg: “infosys billion dollar”

2. Expand Search With Synonym?  Use a “tilde”
e.g.: “~infosys” finds IT companies similar to Infosys

3. Search by filetype (pdf, ppt, xls, doc)
e.g.: “.Net Framework” filetype:ppt

4. Negative Search Terms
e.g.: “nano –car” will return the results with word ‘nano’ but not Tata Nano car.
Please use " " marks to search specific results.

5. Limit your search results to a particular web site
e.g.: “sparsh site:infosys.com” will get the pages from infosys.com where the word ‘sparsh’ is referred.

6. Search for sites that link to a particular website:
e.g.: “link:infosys.com”

7. You’ve found a useful website & want to find other sites like it:
e.g.: “related:www.infosys.com”

8. Google is a Dictionary
Find definition of a word or a phrase?
e.g.:  define: scruples

9. Google is a Calculator as well :)

10. Google is Converter too..!
eg: Convert currency, units and a lot more

11. More Search Operators

allinanchor:
allintext:
allintitle:
allinurl:
cache:
group:
info:
time
weather

12. Use Specialty Search Functions

Google Images: images.google.com
Google Blog Search: blogsearch.google.com
Google Finance:  finance.google.com
 

a. Google News Alerts news.google.com
Tracking an event in the news?
Create your own Google News alert – it’s free!
Can choose to monitor latest developments on web pages, blogs, Google news, Google discussion group pages, or all of these sources.

b. Google Scholar   scholar.google.com 
Covers: law, medicine, social sciences, arts, humanities, business, & finance.
Included items: peer-reviewed papers, theses, book excerpts, abstracts & full-text articles
Sources for items: academic publisher web pages, professional societies, preprint repositories, universities, & other scholarly organizations.

c. Google Book Search  books.google.com
Searches full text of indexed books.
If work is in public domain, full contents usually available.
If not, users can view bibliographic info (author, title, publisher) and perhaps some excerpts.
Library partners:  UC, Princeton, Stanford, Univ. of Michigan, Univ. of Texas, Oxford, UVA, Univ. of Wisconsin, ……

13. Something exciting at last !!!

Localized search

local.google.co.in
Effective localized search solution 

14. Movie search
google.co.in/movies
Find theatres running your desired movies in your city..wow

15. Code search
google.com/codesearch
Ssearch public source code

16. Google hack for finding movies/music
(warning: Not to be tried at office but home…!)
e.g.: intitle:”index.of”(mp3|mp4|avi|dat|mpeg) mummy

More Interesting stuff !!
Try...
Google Docs
Google Calendar
Google Reader
Google Gear
Google App Engine
Google Sites
Google Sets
Google Trends and so on…

What else??
Let's see the concept of "PageRank"

PageRank explained by Google:
Google interprets a link on page A going to page B as a vote -- by page A, for page B. Google looks at more than the sheer volume of votes, or links a page receives; it also analyzes the page that casts the vote. Votes cast by pages that are themselves "important" weigh more heavily.